Drew Dowdell

ZL-1: Tracing the Legacy of the Ultimate Camaro Media Gallery: 2012 Chevrolet Camaro LZ-1 CHICAGO – Chevrolet announced the 2012 Camaro ZL1, the highest-performing model in the car's 45-year history and the most technically sophisticated. Until now, the ZL1 designation was never an official model name, but the newest and most high-tech Camaro takes its name from the most exclusive and elite Camaro in history – one that was never intended for production. ZL1 was the code name for the 427-cubic-inch, all-aluminum big-block engine developed for Corvette race cars in the late 1960s, but found its way into a small number of 1969 Camaros. From there, a legend was born. When the muscle car war was at its peak in the '60s, enterprising and racing-minded dealers did everything they could to get more powerful cars from the factory. Some Chevrolet dealers discovered that the company's special order system known as COPO – the acronym for Central Office Production Order – could be used for higher-performance powertrains. It was intended for dealers to place custom orders for things like special paint packages for fleet vehicles, not building factory hot rods. Nevertheless, Camaro-hungry dealers used the system to request larger, 427-cubic-inch engines and other equipment that wasn't available in regular-production models. The ZL1 427 engine was originally developed as a racing engine for the Can Am series, where early all-aluminum 427 engines had delivered encouraging results in vehicles such as the groundbreaking Chaparral 2F race car. It was similar to Chevrolet's L-88 427 engine, which had an iron engine block and aluminum heads, but the ZL1's aluminum block reduced the engine's overall weight by more than 100 pounds. That was a tremendous benefit for racing, not only because of the obvious weight savings, but it also enhanced the race cars' overall balance. In 1969, Illinois-based Chevy dealer Fred Gibb stretched the COPO system to its limit when he ordered 50 Camaros with the new ZL1 racing engine. The idea was to pack the most powerful engine available from Chevrolet into otherwise regular Camaros and sell them to racers. The ZL1 engine was officially rated at 430 horsepower, but was known to produce more than 500. Despite never being intended for use in a regular-production car, Gibb's COPO order was fulfilled – but not before a few other dealers got wind of it. They ordered a few, too, and production totaled 69 Camaros (two production Corvettes also were built with the engine). Those original ZL1-equipped Camaros carried a special-order price of nearly $4,200 for the engine package, essentially doubling the total price of the car. Not surprisingly, those little-known and expensive Camaros with the new engine didn't sell quickly, although they were capable of running 11-second quarter-mile times. Berger Chevrolet in Grand Rapids, Mich., for example, ordered a ZL1, but it sat on the showroom floor for more than a year and required a significant discount before it finally sold. More than 40 years later, the original ZL1-powered Camaros are among the most valuable collector cars. Their exceptionally low production numbers, exotic engine and "king of the hill" mythology fuels their demand. And because they were ordered and used as drag racers, few of the cars remain intact today – even fewer still have their original engine – making them all the more special to enthusiasts and collectors. The ZL1 option was not found in any 1969 Camaro catalog, but the original cars hold a very special place in Chevrolet's performance heritage – thanks to a few clever dealers. The new 2012 Camaro ZL1 will be powered by the LSA 6.2L supercharged engine, producing at least 550 horsepower (410 kW), and featuring advanced technology including Magnetic Ride Control, the world's fastest-reacting suspension system. <embed src='http://gm.pb.feedroom.com/gm/gm/embedoneclip/player.swf?Environment=&SiteID=gm&SiteName=General Motors&SkinName=embedoneclip&ChannelID=&StoryID=c9d96a1020c9dd6c579ae84f88e46a029dadcda6&Volume=.5&tilenumber=&tilemargin=&videoratio=&detailsheight=&VideoPlayer.videoPlayer1.MaximumNumberOfStories=&AutoPlay=false' allowFullScreen='true' allowScriptAccess='always' height='229' width='280'></embed>

CHICAGO – The all-new, 2012 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 is powered by the LSA 6.2L supercharged V-8 engine that produces an estimated 550 horsepower (410 kW) and 550 lb.-ft. of torque (745 Nm). The LSA is the most powerful engine ever offered in a Camaro, eclipsing even the original ZL1 engine from 1969 that inspired the name of the new, maximum-performance model. Built on GM’s legendary small-block V-8 architecture, it features an intercooled supercharger system, premium heat-resistant aluminum cylinder heads and other details designed to ensure its exceptional performance is delivered with smoothness and refinement. “The LSA is the ultimate engine for the ultimate Camaro,” said John Rydzewski, assistant chief engineer for small-block engines. “It has a broad power band that matches the Camaro ZL1’s performance capabilities at every notch on the tachometer.” Components and design elements that contribute to the LSA’s performance include: Balanced, lightweight reciprocating assembly High-strength hypereutectic pistons Sixth-generation Eaton supercharger with four-lobe rotors Center-feed fuel system Piston oil squirters. A Tremec TR6060 six-speed manual transmission is matched with the LSA. It uses a 240-mm dual-mass flywheel matched with a 240-mm twin-disc clutch system to provide excellent shift smoothness. Compared to the Cadillac application, the LSA used in the Camaro features the following unique components and details: Black intercooler housing with unique heat exchanger and plumbing to accommodate the Camaro engine compartment Cast stainless steel exhaust manifolds for enhanced thermal management Camaro-specific oil pan Revised accessory drive with unique alternator and air conditioning compressor Idler pulley in place of the conventional power steering pump pulley, because of the use of electric power steering Special engine cover in red. Supercharged power delivery The LSA engine’s sixth-generation Eaton supercharger, with high-helix, four-lobe rotors, enables a broad range of power through the rpm band, giving the engine great low-end torque and excellent horsepower at higher rpm. “The design of the supercharger’s rotating internal components extends its effective range, giving the engine a wide, flat power band that is usable at all rpm levels,” said Rydzewski, assistant chief engineer. “Whether at low speeds or on the highway, the feeling of power is instant, strong and sustained.” Heavy-duty and lightweight reciprocating components support the engine’s high-rpm, supercharged performance. The parts are housed in an aluminum cylinder block that features nodular iron, six-bolt main caps. Cast iron cylinder liners – measuring 4.06 inches (103.25 mm) in bore diameter – are inserted in the aluminum block and they are finish-bored and honed with a deck plate installed. The deck plate simulates the pressure and minute dimensional variances applied to the block when the cylinder heads are installed, ensuring a higher degree of accuracy that promotes maximum cylinder head sealing, piston ring fit and overall engine performance. Nestled inside the LSA’s deep-skirted cylinder block is a forged steel crankshaft that delivers a 3.62-inch (92 mm) stroke. It features an eight-bolt flange – the outer face of the crankshaft on which the flywheel is mounted – that provides enhanced clamping strength. Other non-supercharged GM 6.2L engines have a six-bolt flange. A torsional damper mounted to the front of the crankshaft features a keyway and friction washer, which is designed to support the engine’s high loads. Connected to the crankshaft is a set of lightweight powder-metal connecting rods and hypereutectic pistons, which, when combined with the cylinder heads, delivers a 9.1:1 compression ratio. The alloy of the pistons was selected for its strength and heat resistance properties, while the cast design provides inherent quieting advantages over other piston materials, such as forged aluminum. Exceptional airflow High-flow cylinder heads based on GM’s proven L92 design channel incoming air into the combustion chambers. They are made with a premium A356T6 alloy that offers excellent heat resistance, particularly in the bridge area of the cylinder head, between the intake and exhaust valves. Additionally, each head is manufactured with a roto-casting method. Also known as spin casting, the roto-casting process involves pouring the molten alloy into a rotating mold, for a more even distribution of the material that virtually eliminates porosity – air bubbles or pockets trapped in the casting – for a stronger finished product. For optimal combustion, the cylinder heads feature swirl-inducing wings cast into the intake ports, improving the mixture motion of the pressurized air/fuel charge. The gatekeepers of the heads’ combustion chambers are large-diameter, 2.16-inch (55 mm) intake valves and 1.59-inch (40.4 mm) exhaust valves. The intake valves are made of steel and feature thick heads. Unique, four-layer steel head gaskets are used between the heads and cylinder block. The LSA’s valves are actuated by a hydraulic roller-type camshaft that delivers a relatively low 0.480-inch (12.2 mm) lift on both the intake and exhaust sides. The low lift – relative to the engine’s high horsepower and torque – and low overlap foster a smoother idle and excellent low-rpm driving characteristics. The wider efficiency band of the Eaton supercharger enabled the use of the low-lift cam to achieve the engine’s performance targets. Sixth-generation supercharger The LSA’s supercharger is the sixth-generation design from Eaton and displaces 1.9 liters. It features a four-lobe rotor design that promotes quieter and more efficient performance, while its large displacement ensures adequate air volume at high rpm. Maximum boost is 9.0 psi (0.62 bar). The supercharger is an engine-driven air pump that contains a pair of long rotors that are twisted somewhat like pretzel sticks. As they spin, the lobes mesh and incoming air is squeezed between the rotors and pushed under pressure into the engine – forcing more air into the engine that it could draw under natural aspiration. The rotors are driven by a dedicated pulley and eight-rib belt that are connected to a third track on the engine’s crankshaft damper. Because the pressurized air is hotter than naturally aspirated air, the LSA employs a liquid-to-air charge cooling system to reduce inlet air temperature after it exits the supercharger – reducing the inlet air temperature by up to 70 degrees C (158 degrees F). Cooler air is denser and allows the engine to make the most of its high-pressure air charge. The charge cooler’s heat exchanger is located atop the supercharger. This “brick,” as it is called by engineers, looks like a small radiator and is housed under an aluminum cover. Pressurized air from the supercharger passes through the exchanger and is cooled on its way to the cylinder heads. The charge cooling system includes a dedicated coolant circuit with a remote-mounted pump and reservoir. Ribs cast into the top of the intercooler housing add strength and promote quietness. Quiet fuel system and more The LSA uses a center-feed fuel system that contributes to the engine’s performance and refinement. It introduces fuel at the midpoint of each cylinder bank’s fuel rail, which ensures more even fuel delivery to all the injectors. It also isolates fuel system noise for quieter performance. Several other features support the LSA’s balance of refinement and power, including: An oil pan-mounted oil cooler to manage engine oil temperature Block-mounted piston squirters to cool the pistons Direct-mounted ignition coils (located on the rocker covers) A large, 87mm electronically controlled throttle body. The engine also has unique, cast stainless exhaust manifolds that support the airflow capability of the 550-horsepower (410 kW) engine. PRESS RELEASE ZL1: Chevrolet Camaro Enters The Realm Of Advanced Performance Technology 2011-02-09 * LSA 6.2L supercharged engine will produce an estimated 550 horsepower (410 kW) and is matched with a six-speed manual transmission with a dual-disc clutch system * Packed with performance technologies, highlighted by Magnetic Ride Control, and advanced materials – including a vented carbon fiber hood insert. Extensive aerodynamic development designed for high-performance driving * Development ongoing, targeting launch at the beginning of 2012 CHICAGO – The 2012 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 debuted today at the Chicago Auto Show. It is the highest-performing Camaro and the most technically advanced car ever developed in its class. The new ZL1 continues the momentum of Camaro, propelling it into an entirely new realm of leading-edge performance technology. It is planned to launch at the beginning of 2012. Motivated by a supercharged V-8 engine producing an estimated 550 horsepower (410 kW), the Camaro ZL1 will be the fastest Camaro ever offered by Chevrolet. And more than just power, the ZL1 features technologically advanced and highly developed chassis and suspension systems that help it deliver balanced, track-ready handling and braking power to complement its high engine output. Rigorous development of the ZL1 is ongoing, and official estimates of the car's capabilities will be released later in 2011, as testing nears completion. "Camaro ZL1 is about high-tech performance and design, and is a type of car no one has ever brought to this segment previously," said Rick Scheidt, vice president of Chevrolet marketing. "It's the most technically advanced Camaro ever, so we've chosen a name from the most elite and exclusive Camaro in history." The ZL1 name is derived from the all-aluminum racing engine of the same name, which was developed in the late 1960s and installed into a handful of regular-production 1969 Camaros. Only 69 were built with the engine, but they've achieved mythical status among enthusiasts, as they represented the pinnacle in Camaro performance – until now. The 2012 ZL1 model is designed to be a major leap forward for the Camaro, bringing a new level of performance capability to the segment. The central goal of the car's development was creating something new – a Camaro intended to reach optimal lap times on top road-racing circuits and excellent driving dynamics on the street. To achieve that goal, engineers evolved many of the existing Camaro's systems, as well as incorporated new technologies such as electric power steering and Magnetic Ride Control, the world's fastest-reacting suspension system. Camaro ZL1's design communicates and supports its performance mission. Rather than using decorative elements, ZL1 is visually differentiated from other current Camaro models with elements vital to the car's elevated capabilities. "Everything about the ZL1's design is directly related to its technology and serious performance, especially aerodynamics," said Ed Welburn, vice president, Global Design. "Our designers' goal was to execute that function-oriented design with beautifully sculpted forms, creating an imposing, powerful persona. Function becomes the aesthetic. The intent is a car that delivers on the attitude it projects." Major elements of the ZL1's design are a new front fascia and hood with air extractors, designed in tandem to create aerodynamic downforce to aid handling. The car's hood includes a signature center section constructed of carbon fiber and rendered in satin black finish. New rocker panels, wide tires, 20-inch wheels and exhaust tips portray the car's handling and power. The ZL1 badge appears on the grille, hood and the brake calipers, all key areas portraying the technology within. Tech overview Supporting the dynamic track and street performance of the ZL1 is the LSA 6.2L supercharged engine, which will produce an estimated 550 horsepower (410kW) and 550 lb.-ft. of torque (677 Nm), with specific features for the Camaro. Built on GM's legendary all-aluminum, small-block V-8 architecture, the LSA features an intercooled supercharger system, premium heat-resistant aluminum-alloy cylinder heads and other details designed to ensure its exceptional performance is delivered with smoothness and refinement. Components and design elements that contribute to the LSA's performance include: * Balanced, lightweight reciprocating assembly * High-strength hypereutectic pistons * Sixth-generation Eaton supercharger with four-lobe rotors * Piston oil squirters. Because the Camaro ZL1 uses electric power steering, the engine does not incorporate a conventional hydraulic power steering pump on its accessory drive system. This enhances performance, because no engine power is used to turn a steering pump pulley. Camaro ZL1 is a complete high-performance car, not just a Camaro with more power. Key technical highlights include: Transmission – The high-performance Tremec TR-6060 six-speed manual is matched with the LSA engine. It is the "MG9" version of the transmission, with a higher torque capacity. It is used with a dual-mass flywheel and twin-disc clutch for easy operation and shift smoothness. A new, shorter-throw shifter actuates the gear changes. Exhaust – ZL1 is equipped with a dual-mode exhaust system, which alters the sound level and character in response to engine rpm. First used on the legendary Corvette, and specifically tuned for Camaro ZL1, the dual-mode exhaust will give the car a signature sound. Drivetrain – It is revised with a stronger driveshaft and rear axle system, featuring a larger and stronger cast iron differential housing, stronger axles and heavy-duty limited-slip differential. This patent-pending system is designed to ensure that ZL1's tremendous power is delivered smoothly to the ground. Suspension – The suspension features completely revised tuning and the inclusion of segment-exclusive Magnetic Ride Control. ZL1's Magnetic Ride system will include driver selectable modes (Tour and Sport) tailored for the preferred style of driving. It uses advanced magneto-rheological science to produce shock damping with the highest level of precision, enabling body control optimized for excellent performance in everyday driving as well as track situations. This technology appears on only a small roster of some of the world's finest performance cars. Other chassis elements are redesigned to support the car's high-performance limits. Rear stabilizer bars have drop links repositioned outboard of the control arms. This makes the bars more effective in controlling body roll in turns, with crisp response to driver commands. Brakes and Steering – Camaro ZL1 features an advanced track-capable braking system, developed in conjunction with experts from Brembo. The large 14.6-inch (370 mm) two-piece front rotors have six-piston calipers; the 14.4-inch (365 mm) rear rotors have four-piston calipers. ZL1 marks the entry of a new electric power steering system to Camaro. It is being developed to ensure precise control and feedback to the driver, with greater variability of effort for high-performance driving. Exterior – ZL1's signature from the front is the redesigned fascia and aluminum hood with a raised, carbon fiber insert. The fascia includes a front splitter and new vertical fog lamps. The fog lamp area includes air intakes designed for brake cooling. The hood features front-mounted air extractors that direct air precisely over the car. Visually, this center section, in satin black carbon fiber, communicates the car's high-performance intent as a visual contrast to the car's exterior color. Functionally, the air extractor is a key in connecting airflow closely to the bodywork, creating aerodynamic downforce. The carbon fiber center section reduces the mass of the hood. High-intensity discharge (HID) headlamps and fog lamps are standard. The rear of the car includes a diffuser and spoiler, also functional elements that enhance the car's aerodynamics. Wheels and Tires – New-design, 20-inch forged aluminum wheels, which are lighter than the 20-inch wheels used on the Camaro SS, are used with new Goodyear Supercar F2 ties developed specifically for the ZL1. Interior – ZL1 is tailored for high-performance driving. The front seats feature microfiber suede inserts. Other enhancements include a redesigned steering wheel, alloy pedals, Head-Up Display with unique performance readouts and the "four-pack" auxiliary gauge system featuring a boost readout. Production details All of the Camaro exterior colors will be offered with the ZL1, but black is the only interior color. The unique exterior features are complemented with a black center section on the hood. Inside, the Camaro ZL1 has heated leather seats with microfiber inserts and ZL1 logos embroidered on the front headrests. Microfiber suede is repeated as an accent on the instrument panel, adding a richer look to the interior. The ZL1 will include the same content as the current 2SS package and include the following new or unique features: * Six-way power driver and passenger seats * Unique instrument panel and door panel inserts; and ZL1-logo sill plates * Steering wheel audio controls with Bluetooth capability * Wireless PDIM and USB-port * Boston Acoustics premium audio system * Rear parking assist * Rear camera system (displayed in the inside rearview mirror). Engineers have already driven Camaro ZL1 prototypes extensively at demanding road courses in the U.S. and Germany, with final testing being completed through the balance of 2011. About Chevrolet Founded in Detroit in 1911, Chevrolet celebrates its centennial as a global automotive brand with annual sales of about 4.25 million vehicles in more than 140 countries. Chevrolet provides consumers with fuel-efficient, safe and reliable vehicles that deliver high quality, expressive design, spirited performance and value. The Chevrolet portfolio includes iconic performance cars such as Corvette and Camaro; dependable, long-lasting pickups and SUVs such as Silverado and Suburban; and award-winning passenger cars and crossovers such as Spark, Cruze, Malibu, Equinox and Traverse. Chevrolet also offers “gas-friendly to gas-free" solutions including Cruze Eco and Volt. Cruze Eco offers 42 mpg highway while Volt offers 35 miles of electric, gasoline-free driving and an additional 344 miles of extended range. Most new Chevrolet models offer OnStar safety, security and convenience technologies including OnStar Hands-Free Calling, Automatic Crash Response and Stolen Vehicle Slowdown. More information regarding Chevrolet models can be found at www.chevrolet.com # # # SPECIFICATIONS <table width="552" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr> <td valign="top" width="216"> </td> <td valign="top" width="336">LSA 6.2L Supercharged V-8 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Displacement (cu in / cc): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">376 / 6162 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Bore & stroke (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">4.06 / 103.25 x 3.62 / 92 mm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Block material: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">cast aluminum </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Cylinder head material: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">cast aluminum </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Valvetrain: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">overhead valve, two valves per cylinder </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Fuel delivery: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">1.9L supercharger with intercooler; sequential fuel injection </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Compression ratio: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">9.1:1 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Horsepower (hp / kW @ rpm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">550 / 410 @ 6100 (estimated) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Torque (lb-ft / Nm @ rpm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">550 / 745 @ 3800 (estimated) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Recommended fuel: </td> <td valign="top" width="336">premium required </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="216">Maximum engine speed (rpm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">6200 </td></tr></tbody></table> This post has been promoted to an article

You can watch the press conferences live here! <object width="720" height="431" classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000"> <param name="flashvars" value="cid=7004664&autoplay=false&style=ub006699:lc54ABD6:ocffffff:ucffffff"/> <param name="allowfullscreen" value="true"/> <param name="allowscriptaccess" value="always"/> <param name="src" value="http://www.ustream.tv/flash/viewer.swf"/>'>http://www.ustream.tv/flash/viewer.swf"/> <embed flashvars="cid=7004664&autoplay=false&style=ub006699:lc54ABD6:ocffffff:ucffffff" width="720" height="431" allowfullscreen="true" allowscriptaccess="always" src="http://www.ustream.tv/flash/viewer.swf" type="application/x-shockwave-flash"></embed> </object> <br /><a href="http://www.ustream.tv/discovery/recorded/all" style="padding: 2px 0px 4px; width: 400px; background: #ffffff; display: block; color: #000000; font-weight: normal; font-size: 10px; text-decoration: underline; text-align: center;" target="_blank">Video clips at Ustream</a>

OCN is probably right.

By "milk it along" you mean "vastly outperform DOHC competition" right?

Officially Official: 2012 Buick Regal eAssist February 8th, 2011 Drew Dowdell - Chief Editor - CheersandGears.com This morning Buick announced the the 2012 Regal would join the 2012 Buick Lacrosse in featuring the eAssist mile hybrid system. We reported back in January that it was highly likely that Buick would eventually make the eAssist system availabile on all models and it was seconded by the Wall Street Journal yesterday. Our eAssist Explained article explains how the 2012 Buick Lacrosse will achieve 37 mpg highway and 25mpg city. The 2012 Buick Regal aAssist is slated to match that highway number and increase the city rating by 1 to 26mpg city, a 25% improvement over the 2011 Buick Regal with 2.4 liter 4-cylinder and 6-speed automatic. Other additions to the 2012 Buick Regal eAssist that help it's fuel economy are: Lightweight 17inch alloy wheels with low rolling resistance tires A driver selectable fuel economy mode for the climate control system that allows longer start stop intervals A dash mounted Eco gauge that constantly responds to driving behavior enabling the driver to drive with greater efficiency A power flow read out screen in the Nav/Infotainment system Mated to Regal's 2.4L Ecotec direct injection four-cylinder engine and next-generation six-speed automatic transmission, the eAssist system uses power stored in the battery to provide needed electrical boost in various driving scenarios, optimizing engine and transmission operation. An advanced 115V lithium-ion battery and latest-generation 15-kW induction motor-generator unit help increase fuel economy through: Regenerative braking, which provides up to 15 kW of electricity to charge the battery Providing up to 11 kW (15 hp) of electric power assistance during acceleration Automatic engine shut-off when the vehicle is stopped Aggressive fuel cut-off during deceleration down to zero vehicle speed, enabled by the torque smoothing provided by the induction motor-generator unit Intelligent charge/discharge of the high-voltage battery. Related: 2012 Buick Regal eAssist Gallery 2011 Buick Regal CXL Review 2011 Buick Regal CXL Gallery Understanding the Buick Lacrosse eAssist system Buick - What we've learned 2012 BUICK REGAL PRELIMINARY SPECIFICATIONS Overview <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">Models: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">2012 Buick Regal with eAssist technology </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">Body style / driveline: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">four-door, five-passenger front engine transaxle. front-wheel-drive midsize vehicle </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">Construction: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">steel body frame integral (unibody) with front and rear crumple zones; galvanized steel front fenders, hood, roof, door panels, one-piece bodyside outer panel, thermal plastic olefin (TPO) bumper fascias </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">EPA vehicle class: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">midsize </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">Manufacturing location: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">Oshawa, Ontario </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="176">Key competitors: </td> <td valign="top" width="400">Acura TSX and Volkswagen CC </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Engines <table width="576" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> </td> <td valign="top" width="372">Ecotec 2.4L DOHC I-4 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Displacement (cu in / cc): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">145 / 2384 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Bore and stroke (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">3.46 x 3.85 / 88 x 98 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Block material: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">precision sand cast aluminum </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Cylinder head material: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">SPM cast aluminum </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Valvetrain: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">overhead camshafts, four-valves per cylinder, continuous variable valve timing for intake and exhaust </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Ignition system: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">individual coil-on-plug </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Fuel delivery: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">direct injection and electronic throttle control </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Compression ratio: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">11.2:1 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Horsepower (hp / kW @ rpm): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">182 / 136 @ 6700 rpm* </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Torque (lb-ft / Nm @ rpm) </td> <td valign="top" width="372">172 / 233 @ 4900 rpm* </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Recommended fuel: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">regular unleaded </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Max engine speed: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">7000 rpm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Emissions controls: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">close-coupled, catalytic converter; variable valve timing; positive crankcase ventilation evaporative system </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Fuel economy (city / hwy): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">26 / 37 (estimated) </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Transmissions <table width="576" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Type: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">Hydra-Matic 6T40 six-speed automatic </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Gear ratios: (:1): </td> <td valign="top" width="372"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> First: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">4.58 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Second: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">2.96 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Third: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">1.91 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Fourth: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">1.45 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Fifth: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">1.00 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Sixth: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">0.75 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204"> Reverse: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">2.84 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Electric Drive System <table width="576" border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Type: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">belt-driven, liquid-cooled induction motor/generator unit and lithium-ion battery system; air-cooled power electronics and battery pack </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Maximum electric generating power: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">15 kW @ 1570-3180 rpm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Maximum electric motor torque (cranking): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">110 lb.-ft. / 150 Nm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Maximum electric motor torque (electric assist): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">79 lb.-ft. / 107 Nm @ 1000 rpm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Maximum electric motor power (electric assist): </td> <td valign="top" width="372">15 hp / 11.2 kW @ 1000-2200 rpm </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="204">Lithium-ion battery: </td> <td valign="top" width="372">115V, 0.5-kWh, 15 kW peak power </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Chassis/Suspension <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Front: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">independent, MacPherson strut-type with dual-path mountings, specifically tuned coil springs, direct-acting stabilizer bar (hollow); hydraulic ride bushings </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Rear: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">four-link independent rear; hollow stabilizer bar </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Traction control: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">all-speed using engine torque reduction and brake intervention </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Steering type: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">hydraulic, specifically calibrated rack-and-pinion power steering </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Steering wheel turns lock-to-lock: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">2.68 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Turning circle, curb-to-curb (feet / meters): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">37.4 / 11.4 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Steering ratio: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">15.2:1 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Brakes <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Type: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">four-wheel disc w/ABS (w/ESC) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Brake rotor diameter – front (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">11.7 / 296 vented; single-piston, cast iron caliper </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Brake rotor diameter – rear (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">11.5 / 292 solid; single-piston, aluminum caliper </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Wheels / Tires <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Wheel size and type: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">17-inch aluminum </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Tires: </td> <td valign="top" width="396">P235/50R17 Michelin Energy Saver All Season </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Dimensions Exterior <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Wheelbase (in / mm) : </td> <td valign="top" width="396">107.8 / 2738 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Overall length (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">190.2 / 4831 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Overall width (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">73.1 / 1811 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Overall height (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">58.4 / 1483 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Front track (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">62.4 / 1585 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="180">Rear track (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="396">62.5 / 1587 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Interior <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Seating capacity (front / rear): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">2 / 3 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Headroom (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">38.8 / 985 (front) 36.8 / 935 (rear) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Legroom (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">42.1 / 1069 (front) 37.3 / 947 (rear) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Shoulder room (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">56.7 / 1440 (front) 54.4 / 1382 (rear) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Hip room (in / mm): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">55.4 / 1407 (front) 52.3 / 1328 (rear) </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">EPA passenger volume (cu ft / L) : </td> <td valign="top" width="336">96.81 / 2741 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">EPA interior volume (cu ft / L): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">111.1 / 3146 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Cargo volume (cu ft / L): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">14.25 / 403 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Capacities <table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Fuel tank (gal / L): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">18.5 / 70 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Engine oil (qt / L): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">2.4L: 5.0 / 4.7 </td> </tr> <tr> <td valign="top" width="240">Curb weight (lbs / kg): </td> <td valign="top" width="336">TBD </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> *SAE certified

Imagine an elephant on pogo sticks. Then imagine those pogo sticks are on rollerskates.... that's the Sienna suspension.

We invited Allpar. They declined.

Special it is then! That's a good price for the miles.

Mileage and condition being equal... yes..... but are they equal?

there's also a white Bonneville right behind it...